Romania, situated in southeastern Europe with the national capital in Bucharest, experienced occupation by Soviet troops in 1944 and became a satellite of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) in 1948. The country remained under communist rule from 1948 until 1989, when the regime led by Nicolae Ceaușescu was overthrown, leading to free elections in 1990. In 2004, Romania joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and in 2007, it became a member of the European Union (EU).
The Romanian landscape comprises approximately one-third mountains, one-third forests, and the remaining portion consists of hills and plains. The climate is temperate, characterized by four distinct seasons. Romania boasts abundant natural resources, including fertile land for agriculture, pastures for livestock, forests providing hard and soft woods, petroleum reserves, metals such as gold and silver in the Apuseni Mountains, numerous rivers for hydroelectricity, and a Black Sea coastline featuring both ports and resorts.
